JMeter教程

# 一、JMeter简介

## 1、我们为什么要使用JMeter

开源、免费、基于Java编写，可集成到其他系统可扩展各个功能插件
支持接口测试，压力测试、支持录制回放
入门简单相较于自己编写框架或其他开源工具，有较为完善的页面渲染，便于接口测试
可在windows，Linux系统上运行

## 2、JMeter的作用

1).接口测试 postman/jmeter
2).性能测试 jmeter
3).数据库测试

JMeter缺点：

使用JMeter无法验证JS程序，也无法验证页面UI，所以要须要和Selenium配合来完成Web2.0应用的测试。

# 二、JMeter安装

## 1、配置Java环境

### 1.1、安转JDK8

JMeter是java开发的工具，所以需要依赖java环境。

JDK8下载地址：https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/#java8-windows

![image-20220228210114050](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228210114050.png)

下载jdk后解压，然后双击安装。

![](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/jdk1-16460539055071.png)

点击下一步

![jdk2](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/jdk2-16460540413152.png)

注意：此处的安装路径可以自定义，也可以使用默认的安装路径，但是不要使用与上一步相同的路径。建议使用默认的安转路径。

![jdk3](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/jdk3.png)

### 1.2、配置环境变量

(1) windows系统：控制面板---->高级系统设置---->环境变量

![image-20220228212349713](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228212349713.png)

新建系统变量。

变量名：JAVA_HOME

变量值：D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\bin;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0\jre\bin

找到名为PATH的系统变量，如果没有，则自己创建，添加变量的值：%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%JAVA_HOME%\jre\bin;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%

最后点击确定。

（2）验证java环境

WINDOWS+R键，输入cmd，进入命令行界面，输入：java -version

![image-20220228213229123](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228213229123.png)

安转成功！

## 2、JMeter下载安装

### 2.1下载

（1）下载：https://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi

![image-20220228213640392](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228213640392.png)

（2）下载后无需安装，解压后即可使用。解压后目录如下

![image-20220228213806526](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228213806526.png)

### 2.2、配置环境变量

新建系统便量：

变量名：JMETER_HOME

变量值：D:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-5.4.3（JMeter解压的路径）

新建系统便量：

变量名：CLASSPATH

变量值：%JMETER_HOME%\lib\ext\ApacheJMeter_core.jar;%JMETER_HOME%\lib\jorphan.jar;%JMETER_HOME%\lib\logkit-2.0.jar

注意：在我安装目录中D:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-5.4.3\\lib\没有logkit-2.0.jar这个文件，需要自行下载，然后放在安装目录中。

下载地址：http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/l/logkit.htm

![image-20220228214702661](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228214702661.png)

## 3、运行JMeter

打开bin目录下的JMeter的bat文件，即可运行打开JMeter

![image-20220228214954151](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228214954151.png)

![image-20220228215431742](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220228215431742.png)

# 三、curl命令测试接口

获取接口的cookie

![image-20220303143320038](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303143320038.png)

```shell
(部分cookie值)
curl 'https://ccs-uat.tqsys.cn/myx/marketingcenter/mkContractManagement/page' \
  -X 'PUT' \
  -H 'Connection: keep-alive' \
  -H 'sec-ch-ua: " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="98", "Google Chrome";v="98"' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0' \
  -H 'SETS_OF_BOOKS_ID: 5' \
  -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.102 Safari/537.36' \
  -H 'sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"' \
  -H 'Origin: https://ccs-uat.tqsys.cn' \
  -H 'Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin' \
  -H 'Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors' \
  -H 'Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty' \
  -H 'Referer: https://ccs-uat.tqsys.cn/myx/market/contractsManager' \
  -H 'Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9' \
  -H 'Cookie: SIAM_IMAGE_CODE=775512160692346880; SIAMTGT=eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.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.xXYz5A94R7Po7mxTTQvBKS3tsbkmAmeXp903I6HQJCZvA9NJTmiVSs89DCdTKFWEuM9NaJ59VBe6ktTiNYi4iQ; MEICLOUDCCSSESSIONID=2f872e61-6930-43bd-b3f1-0cf86c297511' \
  --data-raw '{"pageIndex":1,"pageSize":10,"param":{}}' \
  --compressed

```

将cookie值得--data-raw改为-d后，即可用于curl测试

```shell
#!/bin/bash
curl 'https://ccs-uat.tqsys.cn/myx/marketingcenter/mkContractManagement/page' \
  -X 'PUT' \
  -H 'Connection: keep-alive' \
  -H 'sec-ch-ua: " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="98", "Google Chrome";v="98"' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -H 'sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0' \
  -H 'SETS_OF_BOOKS_ID: 5' \
  -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.102 Safari/537.36' \
  -H 'sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"' \
  -H 'Origin: https://ccs-uat.tqsys.cn' \
  -H 'Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin' \
  -H 'Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors' \
  -H 'Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty' \
  -H 'Referer: https://ccs-uat.tqsys.cn/myx/market/contractsManager' \
  -H 'Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9' \
  -H 'Cookie: SIAM_IMAGE_CODE=775512160692346880; SIAMTGT=eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.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.xXYz5A94R7Po7mxTTQvBKS3tsbkmAmeXp903I6HQJCZvA9NJTmiVSs89DCdTKFWEuM9NaJ59VBe6ktTiNYi4iQ; MEICLOUDCCSSESSIONID=2f872e61-6930-43bd-b3f1-0cf86c297511' \
  -d '{"pageIndex":1,"pageSize":10,"param":{}}' \
  --compressed
```

结果：

![image-20220303144738533](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303144738533.png)

# 四、JMeter测试接口

1、

![image-20220303145203710](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303145203710.png)

![image-20220303145315622](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303145315622.png)

![image-20220303145939481](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303145939481.png)

![image-20220303150045779](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303150045779.png)

2、添加值

![image-20220303150302182](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303150302182.png)

![image-20220303152234483](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303152234483.png)

![image-20220303152357265](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303152357265.png)

运行后查看结果：

![image-20220303152455958](https://tqls-mrdoc.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mr-doc/image-20220303152455958.png)